9/22/2023 0 Comments Forensic toolkit linux![]() ![]() ![]() The pricetag of $5000 was not affordable, and thats when Torvalds set out to develop Linux. He wanted to use a Unix operating system and went out to try and buy MINIX. In 1991, Linus Torvalds, a computer science student at the University of Helsinki, bought a computer that came with MS-DOS. In 1987, MINIX, a Unix-like system for academic use was released, but this pricy academic OS was the reason Linus Torvalds would go on to develop Linux. ![]() The University of California Berkeley’s Computer Systems Rsearch Group would go on to write FreeBSD, Sun Microsystems was selling low-cost high-performance desktops running Unix, and Richard Stallman would start the GNU Project with the goal of creating a free Unix-like OS. The kernel now being written in C in 1973 had made this operating system portable, unlike any operating system of its time! From the time of the kernel being rewritten to Linux being developed, other Unix-based systems would be developed. Dennis Ritchie, who wrote the first C complier, teamed up with Thompson and they rewrote the Unix kernel in C. Thompson went on to write the first version of Unix in 1969, it was actually called UNICS (Uniplexed Operating and Computing System), but was shortened to Unix. In 1969, Bell Labs pulled out of the project. Ken Thompson was one of the Bell Labs developers who liked the potential of Multics, but felt it was too complex and wanted to explore simpler solutions for what their goals were. The developers at Bell Labs who were working on Multics were interested in building a multi-user operating system that had single-level storage, dynamic linking, and a hierarchial file system. ![]() This operating system was initially planned and began to be developed starting in 1964 that was led by MIT in cooperation with General Electric and Bell Labs. Most people are aware of the roots in Unix, but Multics, the Multiplexed Information and Computing Service, was a time-sharing, or sharing of computing resources with many users at the same time (for simplicity, multitasking), operating system. Both of these had a shared goal of developing a robust multi-user operating system. Linux’s roots are in not only Unix, but also Multics. History of Linuxīefore we dive into how to perform an analysis, lets talk about the history of Linux briefly. Knowing what tools to use, where logs are stored, and what logs what are some basics we’ll cover to get you up to speed on how to perform a forensics analysis on a Linux host. If a web server gets infected with ransomware or a server that deals with PII or sensitive data needs to be investigated for exfiltration, you’ll need to know how to investigate it. But Linux makes up 90% of cloud infrastructure, about 96% of the top 1 million web servers, and all supercomputers, at least according to this source. We don’t get to learn much about Linux forensics at Champlain, I’m only a digital forensics minor, but I’ve only learned how to examine Windows machines. I was introduced to command-line tools, TSURUGI Linux, and now seem to know the Linux filesystem like the back of my hand. For the entire semester at my internship, I got to dive into learning about Linux forensics while also taking a 6 week long course on Linux forensics at Champlain. ![]()
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